1.text that is substantially similar to that found in one or more other GRE essay responses.

　　2.quoting or paraphrasing，without attribution，language or ideas that appear in published or unpublished sources.

　　3.unacknowledged use of work that has been produced through collaboration with others without citation of the contribution of others.

　　4.essays that are submitted as work of the examinee when the ideas or words have，in fact，been borrowed from elsewhere or prepared by another person.