profane         wordly， having contempt for God

　　profundity      depth

　　proliferate     grow， reproduce by rapid  multification

　　prolix          tiring because too long

　　propagation     increasing the number， spreading， extending

　　prudence        careful forethought

　　prudish         easily shocked， excessively modest

　　prune           dried plum， silly person

　　prune           cut away part in order to control growth

　　pugnacious      fond of， in the habit of

　　punch           strike with the fist； tool for cutting holes； alc. drink

　　pundit          pedant， authority on a subject

　　pungency        sharpness

　　pyre            large pile of wood for burning

　　quack           person dishonestly claiming to smth

　　qualm           feeling of doubt， temporary feeling of sickness in the stomach

　　qualms          feelings of doubt， sickness in the stomach

　　quell           suppress， subdue

　　quixotic        generous， unselfish

　　raconter        person who tells anecdotes

　　rancorous       feeling bitterness， spitefulness

　　rapacious       greedy （esp for money）

　　recalcitrant    disobedient

　　recast          cast or fashoin anew

　　reciprocity     granting of privileges in return for similiar

　　recitals        a number of， performance of music

　　recluse         person who lives alone and avoids people

　　recuperate      become strong after illness， loss， exhaustion

　　redeem          get back by payment； compensate

　　refine          make or become pure， cultural

　　rejuvenation    becoming young in nature or appearence

　　relapse         fall back again

　　relinquish      give up

　　reluctant       unwilling or disinclined

　　renovate        restore smth to better condition

　　rent            regular payment for the use of smth， division or split

　　repine at       be discontented with

　　reproach        scold， upbraid

　　requite         repay， give in return

　　resilience      quality of quickly recovering the proginal shape

　　restive         refusing to move； reluctant to be controlled

　　resurrect       bring back into use

　　resuscitation   coming back to consciousness

　　reticent        reserved， in the habit of saying little

　　revere          have deep respect for

　　rift            split， crack， dissension

　　rivet           fix， take up， secure； matel pin

　　roll call       calling of names

　　rope            thick strong cord made by twisting

　　savant          person of great learning

　　savor           taste， flavour smth

　　sawdust         tiny bits of wood

　　scabbard        sheath for the blade

　　scent           smell （esp pleasant）

　　scurvy          diseased state of the blood caused by eating too much salt

　　seal            piece of wax， lead， etc stamped on the document

　　sedulous        persevering

　　sequence        succession， connected line of

　　serration       having a toothed edge

　　servile         like a slave， lacking independence

　　shaft           arrow or spear， smth long and narrow

　　shallow         little depth； not earnest

　　shard           piece of broken earthenware

　　sheath          cover for the blade of a weapon or a tool

　　shove           push

　　shrill          sparp， piercing

　　shun            keep away from； avoid

　　shunt           send from one track to another； lay aside； evade discussion

　　sidestep        step to one side

　　skiff           small boat

　　skit            short piece of humorous writing

　　slate           king of blue-grey stone； propose； critisize

　　sluggard        lazy， slow-moving person

　　sluggish        inactive， slow-moving

　　soar            rise， fly high

　　sober           self-controlled

　　sobriety        quality or condition of being sober

　　soggy           heavy with water

　　solvent         of the power of forming a solution

　　somatic         of the body

　　soot            black powder in smoke

　　sophisticated   complex， subtle， refined

　　sordid          wretched， comfortless， contemptible

　　spear           weapon with a metal point on a long shaft

　　specious        seeming right or true but not really so

　　squalid         dirty， mean

　　squander        spend wastefully

　　steeply         rising or falling sharply

　　stickler        person who insists on importance of smth

　　stigma          mark of shame or disgrace

　　sting           smth sharp

　　stingy          spending， using unwillingly

　　stipulate       state or put forward as a necessary condition

　　strands         smth twisted together into a rope， line of development

　　stray           wander， lose one's way